Article
1. Findings and Declarations
48800.
(a) The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:(1) California has long been a national and international leader in environmental stewardship efforts and mandating the diversion of solid waste from disposal.
(2) By exercising a leadership role, the state will move forward toward a future in which the environment and the economy both grow stronger together by recycling more and reusing materials, which encourages new markets and creates new jobs, instead of burying resources that are lost to the economy forever.
(3) The California Integrated Waste Management Board (CIWMB)
board is the state agency charged with monitoring and regulating activities to reduce, recycle, and reuse solid waste generated in the state to the maximum extent feasible in an efficient and cost-effective manner to conserve water, energy, and other natural resources, and to protect the environment.
(4) The CIWMB board currently oversees regulation of the state’s solid waste stream while local government is responsible for solid waste management within its jurisdiction.
(5) To meet the mandates of the Integrated Waste Management Act of
1989, the CIWMB this division, the board develops and implements programs in accordance with the act’s waste management hierarchy, pursuant to Section 40051 of the Public Resources Code.
(6) End-of-life management of solid waste has been the responsibility of the state and local governments with the financial burden placed on both local government and the taxpayers.
(7) Local governments throughout California are also working hard to meet expanding environmental mandates to reduce solid waste generation and landfill disposal, to prevent hazardous wastes from being improperly disposed of, and to keep the rivers, streams, and waterways free of trash. These mandates expose local governments to significant financial burdens for end-of-life management of products at a
time when local governments are struggling with significant budgetary constraints.
(8) The concept of product stewardship, also referred to as extended producer responsibility, seeks to create shared responsibility mechanisms for producers to mitigate or even eliminate the negative impacts of their products at the end of its life.
(9) The CIWMB board adopted a final “Extended Producer Responsibility Framework” policy document in 2008 to guide efforts to reduce the end-of-life environmental impacts of products and require that producers share in the responsibility for the stewardship of their products in order to promote environmental sustainability.
(10) Currently, the state addresses products with end-of-life management issues through a patchwork of product and material specific programs that have experienced various levels of success.
(11) Establishing the Extended Producer Responsibility Framework Program under this chapter offers an alternative to the materials and products approach while providing the flexibility to customize individual product stewardship plans toward the most effective and efficient approach for a particular product or product category.
(12) The generation of solid waste and associated management has the potential to harm natural resources and contribute to global warming, which can place an economic burden on local government. Disposal of solid waste prevents materials from circulating in the state’s economy in order to produce jobs and new
products.
(13) It is necessary for producers to design and manufacture products that are more resource efficient, less hazardous, have fewer greenhouse gas impacts, and are more recyclable.
(14) Convenient and environmentally sound product stewardship programs that include collecting, transporting, and recycling unwanted products will help protect California’s environment and the health of state residents by encouraging producers to design and produce products that have a lower carbon footprint, are less hazardous and energy and material intensive, and are more reusable or recyclable than other products.
(15) This chapter directs the CIWMB board
to develop, implement, and administer the Extended Producer Responsibility Framework Program. The program includes a framework for managing individual products that have significant end-of-life waste management impacts as well as impacts on the environment and public health.
48800.2.
For purposes of this chapter, and unless the context otherwise requires, the definitions in this article govern the construction of this chapter. 48800.3.“Board” means the California Integrated Waste Management Board.
48800.4.
“Brand” means a name, symbol, word, or mark that identifies a product, rather than its components, and attributes the product to the owner or licensee of the brand as the producer.48800.5.
“Capture rate” is a component of the performance goals for a covered product and means a quantitative measure that establishes an amount of product to be collected by the product stewardship system for that product by an established date.48800.6.
“Covered product” means a consumer product used or disposed of in this state that has been selected by the board pursuant to Section 48813.48800.7.
“Cradle-to-cradle design” means an ideal condition where the product is developed for closed-loop systems in which every ingredient is safe and beneficial.48800.8.
“Department” means the Department of Toxic Substances Control.48800.9.
“Disposition rate” is a component of the performance goals for a covered product and means a quantitative measure that establishes the amounts of unwanted product that are reused, recycled, or recovered, including energy recovery or safe disposal.48800.10.
“Extended producer responsibility” means the extension of the shared responsibility of producers, and all entities involved in the product chain, to reduce the cradle-to-cradle impacts of a product and its packaging, with the primary responsibility being with the producer who makes design and marketing decisions.48800.11.
“Historic product” means a covered product ready to be discarded by the user that is not a new product or product currently marketed or sold by the manufacturer.48800.12.
“Orphan product” means any one of the following:(a) A covered product that lacks a manufacturer’s brand.
(b) A covered product for which the manufacturer is no longer in business and has no successor in interest.
(c) A covered product that is a brand for which the board cannot identify an owner.
48800.13.
“Performance goal” means product goals, capture rates, and disposition rates established by the board for covered products.48800.14.
“Producer” means one of the following:(a) A person or entity that manufactures a covered product that sells, offers for sale, or distributes that covered product in California under the manufacturer’s own name or brand.
(b) If subdivision (a) does not apply, a person who is not the manufacturer of the product but is the owner or licensee of a trademark or brand under which a product is sold or distributed in California, whether or not the trademark is registered.
(c) If subdivisions (a) and (b) do not apply, a person who imports the product into California for sale or distribution.
48800.15.
“Product goal” is a component of the performance goals for a covered product and means a qualitative or quantitative goal to measure improvements that reduce the life cycle impacts of products. It shall include product design and materials content, manufacturing, packaging, distribution, and end-of-life management. It shall address use of virgin material, water, energy, and hazardous substances, as well as carbon footprint, product longevity, recycled content, and recyclability.48800.16.
“Product stewardship organization” means all of the following:(a) An organization appointed by a producer or producers to act as an agent on behalf of the producer or producers to design, submit, and administer a product stewardship plan.
(b) The organization shall be open for participation by all producers of a covered product.
48800.17.
“Product stewardship plan” means a plan written by an individual producer or a stewardship organization, on behalf of a producer, that addresses the environmental impacts of a covered product over the entire life cycle of that product, including product design, manufacture, and distribution, and the collection, transportation, reuse, recycling, and final disposition of discarded covered products as provided in this chapter.48800.18.
“Reporting period” means the period commencing January 1 and ending on December 31 of the same calendar year.48800.19.
“Retailer” means a person that offers new products for sale at retail through any means, including remote offerings such as sales outlets, catalogs, or an Internet Web site.48800.20.
“Secondary material” means material that is being reused or recycled that would otherwise be disposed of in a landfill.48800.21.
“Sell” or “sales” means any transfer of title for consideration, including remote sales conducted through sales outlets, catalogs, or an Internet Web site or similar electronic means, but does not include leases.
Article
4. Extended Producer Responsibility Framework Program
48810.
(a) (1) The Extended Producer Responsibility Framework Program is hereby created.(2) The program shall be administered by the board.
(3) The program shall provide environmentally sound product stewardship protocols that encourage producers to research alternatives during the product design and packaging phases to foster cradle-to-cradle producer responsibility and reduce the end-of-life environmental impacts.
(b) For purposes of this chapter, the board shall review existing and proposed international, federal, and state extended producer responsibility programs and make reasonable efforts to promote consistency
among the programs established pursuant to this part and those other programs.
(c) To ensure the goals of this article are achieved successfully and efficiently, the board shall collaborate with representatives of state and local government, producers, retailers, consumers, transporters, haulers, recyclers, nonprofit organizations, and other interested stakeholders with respect to all regulations adopted pursuant to this article and shall consider the net economic impacts and benefits of a product stewardship plan prior to its approval.
(d) (1) By July 1, 2011, the board, following one or more noticed public workshops and in consultation with the State Air Resources Board, the Department of Conservation, the State Department of Public Health, the Department of Toxic Substances Control, the State Water Resources Control Board, and other appropriate state
agencies, shall adopt regulations to implement this chapter.
(2) The board shall also consult with other state and local environmental regulatory agencies, as well as representatives of local government, producers, retailers, consumers, transporters, haulers, recyclers, nonprofit organizations, and other interested stakeholders in adopting the regulations.
(e) The board, in addition to any other regulations necessary to implement this chapter, shall do all of the following:
(1) Establish definitions.
(2) Establish a process for selecting covered products and determining performance goals.
(3) Establish a process for product stewardship plan development, review, and submittal.
(4) Establish a process for providing data and reporting to the board.
(5) (A) Prepare recommendations, in consultation with local government and the business community, for immediate incentives for producers that stimulate waste reduction, pollution prevention, energy efficiency, and increased secondary use of recycled and reused materials that would otherwise be disposed of.
(B) The incentives specified in subparagraph (A) may include, but are not limited to, an expedited approach to state-issued permits needed to implement product stewardship programs, recognizing local government land use authority, investments in more market development, cost-effective energy savings and reducing water usage, tax incentives for utilizing renewable resources, loans from the Recycling Market Development
Revolving Loan Program pursuant to Section 42023.1 to qualifying product stewardship organizations for startup of stewardship programs, and further incentives for designing products and processing facilities from recycled and reused materials that would otherwise be disposed of.
(C) Nothing in this section shall be construed to interfere with a local government’s sole authority over local land-use land use decisions.
(6) Prepare recommendations for long-term incentives to foster environmental product design to reduce waste and use of hazardous materials, to reward businesses for superior environmental performance that results in significant solid or hazardous waste reduction or increased use
of secondary materials, and for investments that support longer term change to material markets and market development.
(7) Prepare recommendations for funding incentives, by consulting with product stewardship stakeholders to determine how to fund additional cradle-to-cradle stewardship initiatives and disincentives for solid waste disposal as a viable option.
(8) Establish penalties for violations of this chapter.
(9) Develop guidelines designed to ensure that activities undertaken pursuant to this chapter do not interfere overlap, duplicate, or conflict with the following:
(A) Efforts by the department undertaken pursuant to Article 14 (commencing with Section 25251) of Chapter 6.5 of Division 20 of the Health and Safety Code.
(B) The State Energy Resources Conservation and Development Commission’s energy efficiency programs.
(C) The State Air Resources Board climate change efforts to achieve and maintain state and federal ambient air quality standards and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
(D) The State Water Resources Control Board efforts for water quality protection.
(E) The Ocean Protection Council’s ocean litter reduction efforts.
(F) The Beverage Container Recycling and Litter Reduction Act (Division 12.1 (commencing with Section
14500)).
(G) The Rigid Plastic Packaging Containers Program pursuant to Chapter 5.5 (commencing with Section 42300) of Part 3.
(H) Any other state product stewardship or life cycle law or regulatory program for a product.
48811.
(a) Nothing in this chapter or any regulation adopted or actions taken by the board pursuant to this chapter shall be interpreted to limit, abrogate, supersede, duplicate, or otherwise conflict with federal law, federal policy, or federal treaty obligations.(b) Nothing in this chapter or any regulation adopted or actions taken by the board pursuant to this chapter shall be interpreted to limit, supersede, duplicate, or otherwise conflict with the authority of the department under Section 25257.1 of the Health and Safety Code to fully implement Article 14 (commencing with Section 25251) of Chapter 6.5 of Division 20 of the Health and Safety Code, including the authority of the department to include products in its product
registry.
48812.
As a part of the board’s annual report to the Legislature pursuant to Section 40507, the board shall include a section on the progress and implementation of the Extended Producer Responsibility Framework Program.48813.
On and after January 1, 2012, the board, in consultation with all appropriate state agencies and local governments, and after one or more noticed public workshops with an opportunity for all interested parties to comment, shall select covered products according to the following requirements:(a) The board shall only select covered products that have been identified with environmental, waste management, and health impacts resulting from the manufacture, transport, use, and disposal, that meet one or more of the following criteria:
(1) Those products that pose a significant threat to public health and safety when discarded.
(2) Products
that pose a threat of increased greenhouse gas emissions.
(3) Products that impose significant end-of-life management costs on state or local government.
(b) The factors the board shall consider in selecting covered products pursuant to subdivision (a) shall include, but are not limited to, the following:
(1) Current impacts to local government and general ratepayers.
(2) Public health, toxicity, and significant environmental and safety impacts and benefits.
(3) Resource recovery and material conservation potential, including the potential for product redesign to achieve greater waste reduction, toxicity reduction, water consumption reduction, increase in recycled content, and greater
capability for being recycled.
(4) Energy use and conservation potential.
(5) Climate change impacts and benefits.
(6) Existing infrastructure capacity for material management and potential for expansion.
(7) Success in collecting and processing similar products in other programs in the United States and other countries.
(8) The selection of products in extended producer responsibility programs in other states.
(9) Ocean pollution impacts.
(10) Stormwater runoff impacts.
(11) The lack of an
existing product stewardship or other regulatory system for the product.
(12) Life cycle net environmental impacts.
(13) Public safety and public health uses of products.
(c) The board may select covered products and set performance goals over time at regularly scheduled board meetings. All products banned from landfill disposal in California shall be designated within one year of adoption of the regulations pursuant to Section 48810, and shall be managed under a product stewardship program.
(d) Through the product selection process, the board shall do the following:
(1) Identify and notify potential interested parties for a proposed covered product.
(2) Select and define a covered product or covered products. This shall include historic and orphan products in addition to new products.
(3) Determine whether the packaging for a covered product shall be considered part of the covered product.
(4) Establish any implementation dates for requirements for covered products.
(5) Identify unique environmental impacts or management requirements, if any, for a covered product.
(6) Set performance goals and timeframes for the covered product.
(7) Establish measurement metrics and reporting protocols for the covered product.
(e) The selection process for covered products described in this section shall not be subject to the requirements of Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code. However, selected covered products and associated performance goals shall be submitted to the Office of Administrative Law for filing and printing with the Secretary of State.
48814.
(a) On and after July 1, 2012, a covered product shall not be offered for sale or used for promotional purposes in this state unless the producer or product stewardship organization of the covered product submits a product stewardship plan in accordance with this chapter and the regulations adopted pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 48810.(b) A producer shall do all of the following:
(1) (A) Submit a product stewardship plan or participate in a stewardship organization.
(B) The producer, however, shall maintain responsibility for compliance with this chapter.
(2) (A) Collect the individual covered product pursuant to a product stewardship plan to be reused or recycled, unless the board determines that the covered product is not reusable or recyclable.
(B) Covered products that have been determined by the board not to be recyclable nor reusable shall be disposed of or managed in properly permitted facilities appropriate for the covered product, including disposal or management of all hazardous products, components, or materials in properly permitted hazardous waste facilities appropriate for the product, component, or material.
(3) Provide for collection services without charging a fee at the time that covered products are discarded and collected for recycling or disposal.
(4) Pay all the
administrative and operational costs associated with the product stewardship plan, including the costs of collection, transportation, and recycling or disposal, or both, of covered products, including the costs of local government.
44815.
(a) The producer or product stewardship organization of a covered product shall submit a product stewardship plan to the board.(b) Each product stewardship plan for a covered individual product shall include, at a minimum, all of the following:
(1) Contact information for all participating producers.
(2) A description of the product and associated brand covered by the plan.
(3) A detailed description of how the performance goals set by the board will be achieved.
(4) A description of
methods proposed to be used to maximize the recycling of packaging that is delivered into the program along with the discarded covered product.
(5) A description of the collection system for collecting the discarded covered product, including, but not limited to, the following:
(A) How the discarded covered product will be collected in all cities, cities and counties, and counties of the state.
(B) The entities that will perform collection services.
(C) How the collection system is available, convenient, accessible, and free of charge statewide.
(D) Locations, hours, and days of operation for collection locations.
(6) A
description of the processing and disposal system, including the following:
(A) How the discarded covered product will be reused and recycled.
(B) If the covered product is not reusable nor recyclable, how the covered product will be disposed of or managed in properly permitted facilities appropriate to the covered product, including the disposal or management of hazardous substances.
(C) The location and permit status of processing or disposal facilities.
(D) Processing methods utilized at each facility and how residuals will be handled.
(7) How the product stewardship plan will be financed, including the following:
(A) The
mechanism for securing and dispersing funds to cover administrative, operational, and capital costs, including the assessment of charges to producers who participate through a stewardship organization.
(B) Adequate insurance and financial assurance for collection, handling, and disposal operations.
(8) Strategies for managing and reducing the life cycle impacts of covered products and packaging, including through redesign and how impacts will be tracked over time to show continual improvement.
(9) Education and outreach activities, including the following:
(A) Providing information to the general public on how to use the collection system for a covered product.
(B) Providing information
regarding the collection system to collectors, including local governments if they are envisioned to be part of the collection system, retailers, and other interested parties.
(10) The consultation process used to consult with affected stakeholders and the general public about the contents of the product stewardship plan.
(c) Producers shall submit their product stewardship plan, or updates to the product stewardship plan, to the board within 180 days following the selection of a covered product or 180 days prior to the sale of a new covered product.
(d) Product stewardship plans shall be revised and submitted to the board every four years.
(e) All product stewardship plans submitted to the board shall be available to the public on the board’s Internet
Web site.
(f) A producer shall notify the board 30 days in advance of instituting a material change to a product stewardship plan.