136.1.
(a) Except as provided in subdivision (c), any a person who does any of the following is guilty of a public offense and shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year or in the state prison:(1) Knowingly and maliciously prevents or dissuades any a witness or victim from attending or giving testimony at any
a trial, proceeding, or inquiry authorized by law.
(2) Knowingly and maliciously attempts to prevent or dissuade any a witness or victim from attending or giving testimony at any a trial, proceeding, or inquiry authorized by law.
(3) For purposes of this section, evidence that the defendant was a family member who interceded in an effort to protect the witness or victim shall create a presumption that the act was without malice.
(b) Except as provided in subdivision (c), every a person who attempts to prevent or dissuade another person who has been the victim of a crime or who is witness to a crime from doing any of the following is guilty of a public offense and shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year or in the state prison:
(1) Making any a report of that victimization to any
a peace officer or
officer, a state or local law enforcement officer or probation or parole officer, a probation, parole, or correctional officer or officer, a prosecuting agency or to any agency, or a judge.
(2) Causing a complaint, indictment, information, or
probation or parole violation to be sought and prosecuted, and assisting in the prosecution thereof.
(3) Arresting or causing or seeking the arrest of any a person in connection with that victimization.
(c) Every A person doing any of the acts described in subdivision (a) or (b) knowingly and maliciously under any one or more of the following circumstances, is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for two, three, or four years under any of the following
circumstances:
(1) Where If the act is accompanied by force or by an express or implied threat of force or violence, upon a witness or victim witness, victim, or any third person or the property of any a victim, witness, or any third person.
(2) Where If
the act is in furtherance of a conspiracy.
(3) Where If the act is committed by any
a person who has been convicted of any a violation of this section, any a predecessor law hereto or any law, a federal statute statute, or
a
statute of any other state which, that, if the act prosecuted was committed in this state, would be a violation of this section.
(4) Where If the act is committed by any a person for pecuniary gain or for any other consideration acting upon the request of any other person. All parties to such a
the
transaction are guilty of a felony.
(5) If the act is accomplished by threatening to report the immigration status or suspected immigration status of a witness or victim, or of a victim’s or witness’ family member or relative.
(d) Every A person attempting the commission of any an act described in subdivisions
subdivision (a), (b), and
or (c) is guilty of the offense attempted without regard to success or failure of the attempt. The fact that no person was injured physically, or in fact intimidated, shall be no is not a defense against any prosecution under this section.
(e) Nothing in this This section precludes
does not preclude the imposition of an enhancement for great bodily injury where if the injury inflicted is significant or substantial.
(f) The use of force during the commission of any
an offense described in subdivision (c) shall be considered a circumstance in aggravation of the crime in imposing a term of imprisonment under subdivision (b) of Section 1170.