SECTION 1.
The Legislature finds and declares the following:(a) According to the United States Department of Labor, health care is one of the fastest growing sectors, currently employing 20 million people, and is expected to add more jobs than any other occupational group. Women represent nearly 80 percent of the health care workforce.
(b) Registered nurses constitute the largest occupation within the health care sector and number over 2,500,000, of which 70 percent are employed in hospitals. Nearly 90 percent of registered nurses are women.
(c) Workers’ compensation was created to ensure that workers who are injured or become ill due to work are promptly and fully cared for and that employers are held responsible for maintaining a safe and healthy work environment. Certain occupations have significantly increased exposure or susceptibility to particular work-related injuries or illnesses that can be recognized, and at least partially remedied, through guaranteed access to the workers’ compensation system.
(d) In California and many other states, a number of injuries and illnesses are already presumed work-related, and therefore eligible for workers’ compensation benefits, for firefighters, police officers, first responders, and other categories of workers. These professions predominantly employ men. According to the United States Department of Labor, three out of four EMTs and paramedics are men, seven out of eight police officers are men, and 19 out of 20 firefighters are men.
(e) According to the United States Department of Labor, nine out of 10 registered nurses are women. Registered nurses working in a hospital treat the same patients that first responders, firefighters, and police officers treat.
(f) In California, women earn 89 cents for every dollar earned by a man, according to the United States Census Bureau. Given this persistent wage gap and the additional caregiving burden that women often bear, guaranteeing access to workers’ compensation for nurses, of whom nearly 90 percent are women, will aid in addressing economic and social gender inequality.
(g) By the nature of their profession, health care workers are in constant danger of being directly exposed to many hazards, including infectious diseases and ergonomic hazards, and indirectly exposed through contact with various pieces of equipment, chemicals, and clothing.
(h) Registered nurses have significantly more exposure to infectious diseases, including bloodborne pathogens, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), tuberculosis, and meningitis, than other workers. According to the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, one out of every 100 inpatient stays in California involved MRSA. In addition, the incidence of tuberculosis in California was significantly higher than the national average, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
(i) Registered nurses experience more work-related injuries and illnesses than workers overall in the United States, including 43 percent more musculoskeletal disorders, over 10 percent more injuries and illnesses of all kinds, and 131 percent more injuries from workplace violence.
(j) Registered nurses provide hands-on, direct patient care, which often requires physically assisting, moving, and repositioning patients. Many studies have documented the high rates of musculoskeletal disorders that occur among nurses. In crafting a regulation, the Division of Occupational Safety and Health has deemed musculoskeletal disorders and related injuries a significant hazard specifically encountered by health care workers.
(k) Because health care workers have significantly increased exposure or susceptibility to particular work-related injuries or illnesses, it is appropriate to protect them by guaranteeing access to the workers’ compensation system.