42050.
(a) (1) Consistent with the policy goal established in Section 41780.01, producers of single-use packaging or priority single-use products shall do all of the following:(A) Source reduce single-use packaging or priority single-use products to the maximum extent feasible.
(B) Ensure that all single-use packaging or priority single-use products manufactured on or after January 1, 2032, and that are offered for sale, sold, distributed, or imported in or into the state are recyclable or compostable as determined by the department pursuant to Section 42052.
(C) Ensure that all single-use packaging or priority single-use products offered for sale, sold, distributed, or imported in or into the state meet the requirements of Section 42054.
(2) Consistent with the policy goal established in Section 41780.01, the department shall achieve and maintain, by January 1, 2032, through the regulations adopted by the department and implemented by producers pursuant to this chapter, a statewide 75-percent reduction of waste generated from single-use packaging and priority single-use products offered for sale, sold, distributed, or imported in or into the state through source reduction, recycling, and composting.
(b) Before January 1, 2025, the department shall adopt regulations to implement this chapter.
(c) Before adopting the regulations, in order to increase the opportunity for public participation and to receive comments, the department shall do both of the following:
(1) Conduct extensive outreach to stakeholders and to state and local agencies with jurisdiction relevant to this chapter, including, but not limited to, the state’s waste diversion, climate, water quality, public health, and air quality goals, and the state’s toxic substances regulation. This outreach shall include, but is not limited to, convening a series of public workshops throughout the state to give interested parties an opportunity to comment and a series of stakeholder meetings designed to facilitate dialogue between stakeholders representing different interest groups such as local governments, the solid waste and recycling industries, product and packaging manufacturers, retailers and wholesalers, trade associations, agriculture, environmental justice, and environmental organizations. These meetings shall be held throughout the state to increase the opportunity for participation and shall inform the development of regulations pursuant to this section.
(2) Identify and evaluate all of the following for potential inclusion in the regulations:
(A) Incentives and policies to maximize and encourage in-state manufacturing using recycled material generated in the state and the development of reusable packaging and products.
(B) Economic mechanisms to reduce the distribution of single-use packaging and priority single-use products or to transition single-use packaging and priority single-use products to reusable alternatives and increase the recyclability or compostability of single-use packaging and priority single-use products. These economic mechanisms may include, but are not limited to, allowing producers to establish and operate a collection and deposit program, assess a generation-based fee, an advanced recycling fee, pay as you throw fees, minimum recycled content requirements, or extended producer responsibility for single-use packaging and priority single-use products.
(C) Means of avoiding the litter, export, or improper disposal of single-use packaging, priority single-use products, and other materials likely to harm the environment or public health in the state or elsewhere in the world.
(D) Clear and easy-to-understand labeling requirements regarding the recyclability, compostability, or reusability of packaging and priority single-use products, consistent with Section 42052. Labeling requirements may include criteria for packaging to be labeled “recyclable,” “compostable,” “reusable,” or “refillable” based on factors including, but not limited to, whether the packaging or product can be readily recycled, composted, or reused and whether the packaging or product is likely to contaminate other recyclable or compostable material, complicate processing, or mislead consumers. In developing labeling requirements, the department shall consider national and international labeling standards and systems and ensure that products labeled “compostable” or “home compostable” meet industry standards to ensure that the products are distinguishable upon quick inspection by consumers and solid waste processing facilities.
(E) Options for producers to comply with the requirements of this chapter and reduce packaging and product waste, including, but not limited to, through implementation of effective and convenient take-back opportunities, deposit systems, reusable and refillable delivery systems, designing for recyclability or compostability, advanced disposal fees, incentive programs, or similar mechanisms. The department may allow producers to implement extended producer responsibility programs, where appropriate, consistent with the requirements of Article 4 (commencing with Section 42070) and Section 40059. The department, to the maximum extent feasible, shall consider mechanisms to encourage using the network of solid waste collection programs and solid waste facilities providing services, with fair reimbursement for the existing operators.
(F) Actions identified through the California Ocean Litter Prevention Strategy and the Statewide Microplastics Strategy.
(G) Criteria for the source reduction requirements specified in subdivision (a) and to inform the checklist specified in paragraph (3) of subdivision (i). Consideration shall include reducing weight, volume, and quantity of single-use packaging and priority single-use product material in a way that does not decrease the ability of the material to be recycled, composted, or reused.
(H) Minimum postconsumer recycled content requirements for a packaging or product category, where appropriate, in order to create or enhance markets for recycled material.
(I) Mechanisms to address technological innovations and new packaging materials or categories.
(J) Requirements to ensure single-use packaging and priority single-use products protect health and safety, consistent with, but not limited to, Chapter 6 (commencing with 42370), Chapter 55 (commencing with Section 69501) of Division 4.5 of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations, and the regulations adopted pursuant to Article 10.4 (commencing with Section 25214.11) of Chapter 6.5 of Division 20 of the Health and Safety Code.
(K) Opportunities to improve and expand waste collection and processing capabilities and infrastructure, including, but not limited to, the use of innovative new recycling and reuse technologies and secondary material recovery facilities.
(L) Opportunities to harmonize local waste, recycling, and composting programs among local jurisdictions and encourage cooperation and standardization of programs.
(M) Opportunities for encouraging the use of reusable packaging and products.
(N) Opportunities for public education efforts to increase recycling and composting of single-use packaging and priority single-use products and reducing litter from these items.
(O) Potential end-use markets for collected materials and policies required to stimulate domestic markets.
(P) Opportunities for incentivizing and increasing consumer recycling, composting, and reuse.
(Q) Methods for identifying and conducting outreach to producers.
(R) Opportunities to reduce transport packaging waste while minimizing shipping and storage damage.
(d) The department shall determine, and the regulations shall clearly specify, the packaging categories and the priority single-use products that are considered plastic for purposes of this chapter. In making this determination, the department shall include, but not be limited to, both of the following:
(1) Any synthetic material formed by the polymerization of substances into various forms, including, but not limited to, solid, semisolid, porous, flexible, rigid, crystalline, semicrystalline, soluble, or amorphous, including elastomers and fibers, as those terms are defined by the department.
(2) Any synthetic additives or coatings used in the manufacture of fiber packaging or products.
(e) The department shall establish a baseline for the 75-percent waste reduction requirement in subdivision (a) for each packaging and product category based on waste characterization studies undertaken by the department, and any other information received by the department.
(f) (1) The department may identify single-use packaging or priority single-use products that, while determined to be single use for purposes of this chapter, present unique challenges in complying with this chapter.
(2) For any packaging or products identified as presenting unique challenges, the department may at any point develop a plan to phase the packaging or products into the regulations.
(g) The department shall ensure that any regulations adopted pursuant to this chapter account for guidelines and regulations issued by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the United States Department of Agriculture.
(h) If the department determines at any point that a type of single-use packaging or priority single-use product cannot comply with this chapter due to health and safety reasons, or because it is unsafe to recycle, the department may exempt that packaging or product from this chapter.
(i) (1) The department’s regulations shall include direct source reductions of single-use packaging and priority single-use products to the maximum extent feasible, in accordance with this section.
(2) The department may consider single-use packaging and priority single-use product reductions achieved by a producer before the effective date of the regulations toward a producer’s compliance with this chapter if the producer can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that the producer reduced the single-use packaging or priority single-use product in a manner consistent with this chapter and actions taken to comply with Chapter 5.5 (commencing with Section 42300).
(3) (A) The department shall develop a checklist of source reduction measures, and a producer that complies with all applicable measures on the checklist shall be in compliance with the requirement to source reduce to the maximum extent feasible pursuant to subdivision (a). The department shall also offer guidance on how to use the checklist as a means of complying with subdivision (a). The checklist measures may include, but are not limited to, right-sizing packaging, eliminating excess packaging, compliance with internal or third-party certified packaging design guidelines, concentrating a product to reduce packaging, and transitioning to reusable alternatives where those alternatives are readily available. The department may determine the checklist measures that apply to each producer to achieve the requirements of this subdivision based on packaging or product category.
(B) To determine which source reduction measures to include in the checklist, the department shall consider which single-use packaging and priority single-use products are prone to become litter, have readily available alternatives, make up a significant or problematic portion of the waste stream, or are single-use packaging or priority single-use products for which there has been established, or for which there is the potential for, recycling or composting infrastructure.
(C) The checklist shall incorporate considerations that assist the department in evaluating whether it is feasible for a producer to implement one or more of the checklist source reduction measures, including product protection and integrity, consumer safety, shelf life, compatibility with distribution systems, and other relevant factors as the department deems appropriate.
(4) When establishing the source reduction measures, the department shall avoid incentivizing substitutions that may have a more substantial negative impact on the environment and shall ensure the single-use packaging or priority single-use product remains recyclable or compostable.
(5) If the department believes a producer has not met its obligation to source reduce to the maximum extent feasible or if the department believes additional source reduction is feasible when the producer believes it is not, then the producer shall be given an opportunity to explain any relevant factors that would limit its ability to meet its obligation or implement additional source reduction measures.
(j) In developing the regulations, the department shall consider relevant information on reduction programs and approaches in other states, localities, and nations, including, but not limited to, the European Union, India, Costa Rica, and Canada, and international standards, including, but not limited to, ISO 18602.
(k) In adopting regulations pursuant to this section, the department shall consider and avoid disproportionate impacts to low-income or disadvantaged communities.
(l) (1) The department shall not impose a recycled content requirement or any other requirement in direct conflict with a federal law or regulation, including, but not limited to, laws or regulations covering tamper-evident packaging pursuant to Section 211.132 of Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations, laws or regulations covering child-resistant packaging pursuant to Part 1700 of Subchapter E of Chapter II of Title 16 of the Code of Federal Regulations, regulations, rules, or guidelines issued by the United States Department of Agriculture or the United State Food and Drug Administration relevant to packaging agricultural commodities, requirements for microbial contamination, structural integrity, or safety of packaging under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 301 et seq.), 21 U.S.C. Sec. 2101 et seq., the federal FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 2201 et seq.), the federal Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 451 et seq.), the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 601 et seq.), or the federal Egg Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. Sec. 1031 et seq.), or the regulations, rules, or guidance issued pursuant to those laws.
(2) Before the department may impose a recycled content requirement or any other requirement on film packaging that controls the oxygen and carbon dioxide ratio of freshly cut produce, the department shall first consider how much organic waste will be generated by the requirement.
(m) (1) The department shall develop criteria for exemptions from the requirements of this chapter for small producers, small retailers, and small wholesalers based on size, revenue, number of retail locations, and market share.
(2) In developing the criteria, the department shall exempt producers, retailers, or wholesalers that, in the most recent calendar year, had gross sales of less than one million dollars ($1,000,000) in the state.
(3) If the department determines that exempting a particular small producer, small retailer, or small wholesaler hinders the ability of a packaging or product category from complying with the requirements of this chapter, the department may determine that the particular small producer, small retailer, or small wholesaler will not be exempted from the requirements of this chapter.
(n) The department shall establish criteria for allowing producers to comply with the requirements of this chapter through contractual arrangements with third parties that do not otherwise meet the definition of producer in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (a) of Section 42042. The criteria shall not limit the department’s ability to enforce or otherwise implement this chapter.
(o) In developing the regulations, the department shall evaluate, consider, and account for the recycling characteristics of both of the following:
(1) Postcommercial waste streams.
(2) Postresidential waste streams.