CHAPTER
6. Modeling Agencies
1707.
The Legislature finds and declares all of the following: (a) Professional fashion models face pervasive and hazardous occupational demands to maintain extreme and unhealthy thinness. These occupational pressures create a dangerous work environment. Models experience a substantially elevated risk of eating disorders and other severe health problems associated with starvation.
(b) The majority of models enter the industry as minors, making them especially vulnerable to mistreatment and to the physical and psychological damage caused by eating disorders. Women working as professional fashion models are more likely to have a diagnosis of
anorexia nervosa, dangerously low body mass index, and amenorrhea, which is a serious medical indicator of hormonal dysregulation that can have negative health consequences for life.
(c) As with all workers, professional fashion models are entitled to safe working conditions. The time, place, and means of the services provided by professional models are typically controlled by the company paying their compensation. Therefore, professional models are typically required to be classified as employees rather than Many models, including minors, are wrongly treated as independent
contractors according to existing federal and state law. and currently do not receive workplace protections. Clarifying their classification as employees of the companies paying their compensation will enhance their workplace protections.
(d) The impact of the fashion industry on health reaches far beyond the hazardous occupational conditions that professional models endure. Through its dominant presence in the
mass media and pervasive influence on setting cultural standards for apparel, particularly for girls and young women, the fashion industry helps to define, transmit, and reinforce an unrealistic standard of thinness, a well-documented risk factor for eating disorders.
(e) Scientific research has shown that viewing media images of extremely thin models leads to body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls and young women, especially those who already have heightened vulnerability to eating disorders. In addition, scientific studies have shown that body dissatisfaction in adolescence is a strong indicator that a young person may develop an eating disorder.
(f) Improving working conditions to reduce excessive thinness among professional models is likely to lead to healthier images of models’
weight. This change in media portrayals of models’ weight may help to achieve a larger societal value in making media images more healthful and less damaging to girls’ and young women’s body image, ultimately reducing their risk for eating disorders.
1707.1.
For purposes of this chapter, the following definitions shall apply:(a) “License” means a license issued by the Labor Commissioner as a talent agency to carry on the business of a modeling agency under this chapter. Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 1700).
(b) “Licensee” means a modeling agency that holds a valid license
as a talent agency under this chapter.
Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 1700).
(c) “Model” means an individual artist under Section 1701 covered under Wage Order 4 of the Industrial Welfare Commission who, in the course of his or her occupation, performs modeling services for, or who consents in writing to the transfer of his or her exclusive legal right to the use of his or her name, portrait, picture, or image for advertising purposes or for the purposes of trade directly to, a retail store, a manufacturer,
an advertising agency, a photographer, a publishing company, or a modeling agency.
(d) “Modeling agency” means a person that compensates a model and that dictates the assignments, hours of work, or performance locations of the model. facilitates an employment opportunity as defined in Section 1701 for a model and that holds a valid license under Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 1700).
(e) “Modeling services” means the appearance by a model in photographic sessions or the engagement of a model in runway, live, filmed, or taped performances requiring him or her to pose, provide an example or standard of artistic expression,
or to be a representation to show the construction or appearance of some thing or place for purposes of display or advertising.
(f)“Person” means any individual, company, society, firm, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company,
manager, or their agents or employees.
1707.2.
(a)A model shall be classified as an employee of a modeling agency. the person for whom the model’s services are directly provided.(b)(1)A modeling agency shall not hire a model without first obtaining the health certification described in Section 1707.4.
(2)Any modeling agency that does not obtain the certification described in subdivision (a) of Section 1707.4 is guilty of a misdemeanor and subject to a fine not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000).
1707.3.
(a)A person shall not engage in or carry on the occupation of a modeling agency without first procuring a license therefor from the Labor Commissioner. The license shall be posted in a conspicuous place in the office of the licensee. The license number shall be referred to in any advertisement for the purpose of the solicitation of a model for the modeling agency.
under Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 1700).(b) A filing fee of twenty-five dollars ($25) shall be paid to the Labor Commissioner at the time the application for issuance of a modeling agency license is filed.
(c)In addition to the filing fee required for application for issuance of a modeling agency license, every modeling agency shall pay to the Labor Commissioner annually at the time a license is issued or renewed the following:
(1)A license fee of two hundred and twenty-five dollars ($225).
(2)Fifty dollars ($50) for each branch office maintained by the modeling agency in this state.
(a)A model shall obtain written certification from a licensed physician that he or she is in healthy physical condition and submit this certification to a modeling agency before being hired by a modeling agency. A model shall make his or her medical records available to the physician, and the physician shall review the model’s medical records as part of the certification of the model’s physical condition.
(b)Every modeling agency shall keep records, in a form approved by the Labor Commissioner, that include all of the following:
(1)A
copy of the certification described in subdivision (a) for each model it employs.
(2)The dates of employment and the amount of compensation paid for each model.
(c)(1)Every modeling agency shall post in a conspicuous place in its office a health advisory relating to eating disorders that includes a phone number to the Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board, a phone number to an entity where a model can report sexual harassment or assault, and any other information that may specified by the Labor Commissioner.
(2)Any modeling agency that violates the requirements of paragraph (1) shall be subject to a fine not to exceed five hundred dollars ($500) per day that those requirements are
violated.
1707.4.
This chapter shall not apply to persons covered by Wage Order 11, regulating the Broadcasting Industry, or Wage Order 12, regulating the Motion Picture Industry, of the Industrial Welfare Commission.
1707.5.
(a) The Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board and the State Department of Public Health shall draft regulations, in consultation with physicians and other health professionals with expertise in eating disorders, that do all of the following: shall, no later than December 1, 2017, and in consultation with accredited specialists in the prevention and treatment of eating disorders, adopt an occupational safety and health standard for models, with an operative date of September 1, 2018, to be fully complied with by December 31, 2018 . The standard shall apply to services provided in California
by models under this chapter and Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 1700). The Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board may update these standards from time to time as it deems necessary.(1)Include detailed requirements of the certification and record retention requirements described in Section 1707.4.
(2)Require no less than three medical check-ups per year by models.
(3)Require a model to obtain a nutrition consultation with a qualified health professional.
(4)Address any medical testing that should be done by a model to determine his or her fitness to perform his or her job duties and provide a model with information about the privacy of these test results.
(b) The regulations standard shall be adopted in accordance with the rulemaking provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act (Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code). address issues including, but not limited to, all of the following:
(1) Protection of the model’s rights to health care privacy under the Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-191) and all other provisions of law.
(2) Workplace safety, especially for minors, including protection from sexual exploitation and sexual predators.
(3) Prevention and treatment of eating disorders.
1707.6.(a)All books, records, and other papers kept pursuant to this chapter by a modeling agency shall be open at all reasonable hours to the inspection of the Labor Commissioner and his agents. Every modeling agency shall furnish to the Labor Commissioner upon request a true copy of these books, records, and papers or any portion thereof.
(b)Every modeling agency that violates subdivision (a) shall be subject to a fine of five hundred dollars ($500).
1707.7.All moneys collected for licenses and all fines collected for violations of this chapter shall be paid into the State Treasury and credited to the General Fund.